And, the material displayed good long-term performance during 1,000 cycles with the capacity attenuation of 0.035% per cycle at 2 A g −1. When the molar ratio between Cu precursor and c-V 2O 5 in the reaction solution was 1:2, the obtained material exhibits a superior reversible capacity of 332 mAh g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 within the voltage window of 0.3–1.6 V. nH 2O) y was found to be highly dependent on its composition.The influence of the different ratios of Cu on the structure and electrochemical performance of the final product was discussed in detail. nH 2O for AZIBs through a simple one-step hydrothermal reaction ( Figure 1), which was marked as (Cu 0.4V 2O 5) x.Herein, we demonstrated the robust synthesis of Cu pre-intercalated V 2O 5 to obtain cathode materials with a composite phase of Cu 0.4V 2O 5 and VO 2 It is still a challenge to directly introduce copper in vanadium oxide bronze to obtain layered cathode materials with satisfactory electrochemical properties. Although the intercalation of Zn 2+ would give rise to the reduction of Cu ions to metallic Cu 0, allowing for an increased conductivity of Cu 3V 2O 7(OH) 2♲H 2O, the Cu 3(OH) 2V 2O 7♲H 2O presented fast fading in the initial cycles due to the phase change. In addition, hydroxyl copper was introduced to V 2O 5 to achieve copper pyrovanadate (Cu 3V 2O 7(OH) 2♲H 2O) cathode for aqueous zinc ion batteries to improve the electrochemical performance.
Layered V nO m is generally recognized as preferable cathodes for ZIBs due to comparable electrochemical activity and ultralow cost. Įxploring appropriate cathode materials with favorable capacity and stable structure during the insertion/extraction of Zn 2+ is becoming urgent for aqueous ZIBs. Rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) have captured a lot of attention because of their natural abundance, low price, high safety, environment-friendliness, and good conductivity, which also possess super high theoretical energy capacity (5,851 mA h cm −3), low redox potential, and impressive electrochemical stability in water. The energy storage device used for the collection of other green energies, such as solar and wind, is becoming increasingly urgent. Even after 1,000 cycles at a current density of 2 A g −1, the capacity attenuation is only 0.035% per cycle, exhibiting distinctive activities toward AZIBs. The enlarged lattice distance together with the high conductivity leads to a high Zn ions diffusion rate of 10 −5 cm 2 s −1. When the molar ratio between Cu precursor and commercial V 2O 5 in the reaction solution is 1:2, the obtained material presents an outstanding electrochemical performance with the initial discharge capacity of 332 mAh g −1 at 0.2 A g −1. The reversible redox reaction of Cu 2+ and Cu 0, accompanied by the phase changes of copper vanadate and zinc vanadate, contributes to an excellent battery performance. nH 2O nanosheets through the hydrothermal method.In this work, different proportions of Cu pre-intercalated V 2O 5 were synthesized to form a composite phase of Cu 0.4V 2O 5 and VO 2 Pre-intercalating transition metal element in the cathode materials offers an effective strategy for improving diffusion kinetics of Zn 2+ and thus the electrochemical activity.
However, the cathodes used in AZIBs always suffer from sluggish kinetics, inducing inadequate rate performance and poor cycle ability. Rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted much interest as next-generation power sources due to their economical, safe, and capacity superiorities.
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